Multi‐material topology optimization of a rotating electrical machine with a density‐based method

Topology optimization (TO) has been extensively studied in the past decades especially mechanical engineering. Among different techniques, density-based methods have become very popular. In electrical engineering, TO applied essentially to linear actuators [1] or machines rotors [2] [3], but few works such as [4] deal with coil repartition within stator of rotating machines. this study, we investigate a topology method, which aims maximize average torque machine from random uniform initial material repartition. Material properties magnetic permeability current density are interpolated on densities between each obtain differentiable problem, using SIMP RAMP [5] for example. A custom magnetostatic finite element solver was implemented MATLAB®. It takes into account non-linearity materials Newton-Raphson method. The algorithm relies sensitivities obtained by adjoint variable method (AVM) [6]. methodology performed two test cases : • iron/air rotor synchronous reluctant (SRM) coils/iron/air one phase permanent magnet (PMSM). air/iron case, filtering technique inspired ESO [7] is applied: iron carries flux removed. No multi-material normalization gradient investigated. As result, barriers [8] optimized SRM rotor, correspond industrial designs. However, some convergence issues happened, optimization. helps preventing phenomenom leads surprising asymmetric designs, need further investigations. also necessary improve robustness high density, order optimize both and stator. Multiphysics considerations will be taken future work.